The Padua Prediction Score is a risk assessment model (RAM) for the identification of patients at risk of VTE. Treatment to prevent deep venous thrombosis is required for patients who are bedbound with major illness and/or those undergoing certain surgical procedures. Early mobilization, leg elevation, and an anticoagulant are the recommended preventive measures; patients who should not receive anticoagulants may benefit from intermittent pneumatic compression devices or elastic stockings. Hospitalization for acute medical illness is an important opportunity for applying prevention efforts. These guidelines address methods to prevent VTE in hospitalized and non-hospitalized medical patients and long-distance travelers. Access the full guidelines on the Blood Advances website: In response to this, an updated literature search on prophylaxis for medical patients who were hospitalized and those who were not hospitalized was carried out. The purpose of this article is to report the main findings from this updated literature search. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis consists of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic measures to diminish the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Patients with an intraspinal hematoma should have VTE prophylaxis started within 48 hours of admission unless otherwise specified by the Ortho Spine or Neuro Spine teams. In this review, we describe our approach to prevention of postoperative VTE and provide guidance on how to formulate an optimal VTE prophylaxis plan. We recommend that all patients undergo thrombosis- and bleeding-risk assessment as part of their preoperative evaluation. The mainstay of therapy for DVT is anticoagulation, provided there is no absolute contraindication or prohibitively high bleeding risk. Thrombolysis or interventional therapy is occasionally needed. DVT prophylaxis can be primary or secondary. Primary prophylaxis is preferred, using medications and mechanical methods to prevent DVT. Secondary prophylaxis is a less commonly used method that includes early detection with screening methods and the treatment of subclinical DVT. This article explores DVT prophylaxis and outlines symptoms and treatments for DVT.