Giardia (/ dʒiːˈɑːrdiə / or / ˈdʒɑːrdiə /) is a genus of anaerobic flagellated protozoan parasites of the phylum Metamonada that colonise and reproduce in the small intestines of several vertebrates, causing the disease giardiasis. Giardia infections are caused by the parasite Giardia duodenalis (Giardia for short). A parasite is a type of germ that gets its food from, or at the expense of, its host. Parasites live on or in a host (for example, a person or animal). Giardia is protected by an outer shell called a cyst. Children and adults who have giardia infection without symptoms most often don't need treatment unless they're likely to spread the parasites. Many people who do have symptoms often get better on their own in a few weeks. Giardiasis, also known as a giardia infection, is an intestinal disease marked by diarrhea, cramps, nausea, and bloating. A tiny parasite called Giardia intestinalis causes the infection. Giardia infection, also called giardiasis, is one of the most common causes of disease carried by water in the United States. The parasites can live in streams and lakes, public water supplies, swimming pools, whirlpool spas and wells. The species Giardia duodenalis uses enzymes that break down proteins to attack the villi of the brush border and appears to increase crypt cell proliferation and crypt length of crypt cells existing on the sides of the villi. Giardiasis is an infection in your intestines caused by the Giardia parasite. Symptoms include diarrhea and fatigue. Antibiotics can treat it. Giardiasis (gee-ar-die-a-sis with a soft G ) is an infection of the small intestine that is caused by the parasite, Giardia duodenalis, also known as Giardia lamblia and Giardia intestinalis. Key points Giardia is a tiny parasite (germ) that causes diarrhea. Giardia can spread easily from one person to another or through water, food, surfaces, or objects. A healthcare provider can prescribe medicine to treat illness caused by Giardia. What is giardiasis? Giardiasis (jee-ahr-dahy-uh-sis) is a diarrheal illness caused by a parasite called Giardia. The Giardia parasite lives in the intestines of infected people and animals and forms an outer shell called a cyst. Giardia cysts can live outside the body for long periods of time.