Renal physiology is the study of kidney function. Nephrology is the medical specialty that addresses diseases of kidney function: these include CKD, nephritic and nephrotic syndromes, acute kidney injury, and pyelonephritis. RENAL definition: 1. relating to the kidneys (= body organs): 2. relating to the kidneys (= body organs). Learn more. renal clearance tests laboratory tests that determine the ability of the kidney to remove certain substances from the blood. The most commonly used is the creatinine clearance test, which is a measure of the glomerular filtration rate. Kidney (renal) capsule: This has three layers of connective tissue or fat that cover your kidneys. It protects your kidneys from injury, makes them more stable and connects your kidneys to nearby tissues. It is sometimes called end-stage renal disease or kidney failure. Kidneys filter waste and excess fluid from the blood and release it in urine. In chronic kidney disease, the kidneys slowly stop working the way they're supposed to. Because of this, excess fluid and waste can build up in the body. Renal system, in humans, organ system that includes the kidneys, where urine is produced, and the ureters, bladder, and urethra for the passage, storage, and voiding of urine. Learn more about the structure and function of the renal system in this article. The meaning of RENAL is of, relating to, involving, or located in the region of the kidneys : nephric. How to use renal in a sentence. “Renal” is another word for kidney. Chronic kidney failure is deadly without treatment. If you have it, you may survive a few days or weeks without treatment. But with proper life-sustaining treatment, you can live with kidney failure. About 750,000 people in the U.S. have kidney failure. It affects around 2 million people worldwide. Healthcare professionals can find kidney disease through blood and urine tests. These tests look for high levels of waste in the blood or unusual things in the urine, such as protein or tiny amounts of blood. They also might use tests such as ultrasound or CT scans to look at the kidneys. Properly functioning kidneys are critical for maintaining good health. Diabetes, high blood pressure, or family history can increase risk of kidney disease.