Vision problems may be a symptom of a neurological problem. Learn about which neurological conditions affect vision and when to seek medical help. Policy Your eyeball itself is where most eye diseases happen, but it isn’t the only place. Eye diseases also include conditions that can affect your eye muscles, eye socket, eyelids, or the skin and muscles immediately around your eyes. How common are eye diseases? In general, eye diseases and vision disorders are extremely common. Most people are concerned when they develop problems affecting their eyes, particularly if this affects their ability to see clearly. This leaflet describes most eye conditions which can affect vision, either temporarily or permanently. It explains what symptoms might be expected and what can be done about them. Eye Conditions and Diseases Browse or search our resources about dozens of eye conditions and diseases. Get the basics about symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments — or go in depth to see all the details. Eye health experts share the surprising eye symptoms tied to health conditions, including those that don't seem like they should affect your sight. Get information on common eye and vision problems, such as conjunctivitis, retinal detachment, dry eyes, cataracts, and glaucoma. Overview The leading causes of blindness and low vision in the United States are primarily age-related eye diseases. Those diseases include age-related macular degeneration, cataract, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. Other common eye disorders include amblyopia and strabismus. Neuro-visual disorders comprise a range of problems affecting the nerves in and around the eye. One type of optic neuropathy is optic neuritis, which can result from infections (such as chickenpox or influenza) or immune system disorders such as lupus. Like other optic neuropathies, the main. The Most Common Types of Eye Conditions Eye conditions can lead to various visual problems that can affect your quality of life and overall health. Usually, the most common type of eye condition falls under these five: Refractive errors. These are things like nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. WHO fact sheet on blindness and visual impairment providing key facts, definitions, causes, who is at risk, global and WHO response.