Prostatitis A Review BenjaminJ.Borgert,MD,MPH;EricM.Wallen,MD;MinhN.Pham,MD IMPORTANCE Prostatitis is defined as infection, inflammation, or pain of the prostate gland and affects approximately 9.3% of men in their lifetime. Prostatitis is an infection or inflammation of the prostate that most often is felt in and around the lower pelvic region, generally between the scrotum and the anus. erial prostatitis is caused by a bacterial infection. It tends to affect men who’ve had lots of urine infections or an inflamed urethra (urethritis) in the past, o Chronic prostatitis/ chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/ CPPS) – accounts for cases over 90%, sometimes also referred to as abacterial prostatitis or prostate pain syndrome. Prostatitis is a common problem, affecting up to 25% of all men, but the diagnosis and treatment can be difficult. Acute prostatitis and chronic bacterial prostatitis are usually caused by the same types of bacteria that cause urinary tract infections. The National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) captures the three most important domains of the prostatitis experience: pain (location, frequency and severity), voiding (irritative and obstructive symptoms) and quality of life (including impact). Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland that can cause pain as well as urinary, pelvic, and sexual symptoms. It may be triggered by infection, inflammation, or prostate irritation/pressure, and symptoms can range from mild discomfort to significant pain.